Classes Matter Materials for Reasoning Vitality
Vitality
Nouns
organized world, organized nature
living nature, animated nature
living beings
organic remains, fossils. protoplasm, cytoplasm, protein
albumen
structure etc. [Structure.] Texture
organization, organism. [Science of living beings] biology
natural history, organic chemistry, anatomy, physiology
zoology etc. [The science of animals.] Zoology
botany
microbiology, virology, bacteriology, mycology etc. [The science of plants.] Botany
naturalist. archegenesis etc. (production) Production
antherozoid, bioplasm, biotaxy, chromosome, dysmeromorph
ecology, oecology
erythroblast [Physio.] , gametangium, gamete, germinal matter, invagination [Biol.]
isogamy, oogamy
karyaster
macrogamete, microgamete
metabolism, anabolism, catabolism
metaplasm, ontogeny, ovary, ovum, oxidation, phylogeny, polymorphism, protozoa, spermary, spermatozoon, trophoplasm, vacuole, vertebration, zoogloea, zygote. Darwinism, neo-Darwinism, Lamarkism, neoLamarkism, Weismannism. morphology, taxonomy.
Adjectives
organic, organized
karyoplasmic, unsegmentic, vacuolar, zoogloeic, zoogloeoid.
Nouns
mineral world, mineral kingdom
unorganized matter, inorganic matter, brute matter, inanimate matter. [Science of the mineral kingdom] mineralogy, geology, geognosy, geoscopy
metallurgy, metallography
lithology
oryctology, oryctography.
Verbs
turn to dust
mineralize, fossilize.
Adjectives
inorganic, inanimate, inorganized
lithoidal
azoic
mineral.
Nouns
life, vitality, viability
animation
vital spark, vital flame, soul, spirit. respiration, wind
breath of life, breath of one's nostrils
oxygen, air. [devices to sustain respiration] respirator, artificial respirator, heart and lung machine, iron lung
medical devices etc. Remedy . lifeblood
Archeus
existence etc. Existence . vivification
vital force
vitalization
revivification etc. Reproduction
Prometheus
life to come etc. (destiny) Destiny . [Science of life] physiology, biology
animal ecology. nourishment, staff of life etc. (food) [Eating.] Food(production) Production . microbe, aerobe, anaerobe, facultative anaerobe, obligate aerobe, obligate anaerobe, halophile [Micro.] , methanogen [Micro.] , archaebacteria [Micro.] , microaerophile [Micro.] . animal etc. Animal
vegetable etc. Vegetable . artificial life, robot, robotics, artificial intelligence. [vital signs] breathing, breathing rate, heartbeat, pulse, temperature. preservation of life, healing (medicine) Remedy .
Verbs
be alive etc. adj.
live, breathe, respire
subsist etc. (exist) Existence
walk the earth, strut and fret one's hour upon the stage" [Macbeth]
be spared. see the light, be born, come into the world, fetch breath, draw breath, fetch the breath of life, draw the breath of life
quicken
revive
come to life. give birth to etc. (produce) Production
bring to life, put into life, vitalize
vivify, vivificate
reanimate etc. (restore) Restoration
keep alive, keep body and soul together, keep the wolf from the door
support life. hive nine lives like a cat.
Adjectives
living, alive
in life, in the flesh, in the land of the living
on this side of the grave, above ground, breathing, quick, animated
animative
lively etc. (active) Activity
all alive and kicking
tenacious of life
full of life, yeasty. vital, vitalic
vivifying, vivified, c. v.
viable, zoetic
Promethean.
Nouns
death
decease, demise
dissolution, departure, obit, release, rest, quietus, fall
loss, bereavement
mortality, morbidity. end of life etc. End , cessation of life etc. [Change from action to rest.] Cessationetc. Life . death warrant, death watch, death rattle, death bed
stroke of death, agonies of death, shades of death, valley of death, jaws of death, hand of death
last breath, last gasp, last agonies
dying day, dying breath, dying agonies
Stygian shore. King of terrors, King Death
Death
doom etc. (necessity) Necessity
Hell's grim Tyrant" [Pope] . euthanasia
break up of the system
natural death, natural decay
sudden death, violent death
untimely end, watery grave
debt of nature
suffocation, asphyxia
fatal disease etc. (disease) Disease
death blow etc. (killing) [Destruction of life; violent death.] Killing
death song etc. (lamentation) [Expression of pain.] Lamentation
Verbs
die, expire, perish
meet one's death, meet one's end
pass away, be taken
yield one's breath, resign one's breath
resign one's being, resign one's life
end one's days, end one's life, end one's earthly career
breathe one's last
cease to live, cease to breathe
depart this life
be no more etc. adj.
go off, drop off, pop off
lose one's life, lay down one's life, relinquish one's life, surrender one's life
drop into the grave, sink into the grave
close one's eyes
fall dead, drop dead, fall down dead, drop down dead
break one's neck
give up the ghost, yield up the ghost
be all over with one. pay the debt to nature, shuffle off this mortal coil, take one's last sleep
go the way of all flesh
hand in one's checks, pass in one's checks, hand in one's chips, pass in one's chips [U.S.]
join the greater number, join the majority
come to dust, turn to dust
cross the Stygian ferry, cross the bar
go to one's long account, go to one's last home, go to Davy Jones's locker, go to the wall
receive one's death warrant, make one's will, step out, die a natural death, go out like the snuff of a candle
come to an untimely end
catch one's death
go off the hooks, kick the bucket, buy the farm, hop the twig, turn up one's toes
die a violent death etc. (be killed) [Destruction of life; violent death.] Killing
Adjectives
dead, lifeless
deceased, demised, departed, defunct, extinct
late, gone, no more
exanimate, inanimate
out of the world, taken off, released
departed this life etc. v.
dead and gone
dead as a doornail, dead as a doorpost, dead as a mutton, dead as a herring, dead as nits
launched into eternity, gone to one's eternal reward, gone to meet one's maker, pushing up daisies, gathered to one's fathers, numbered with the dead. dying etc. v.
moribund, morient
hippocratic
in articulo, in extremis
in the jaws of death, in the agony of death
going off
one one's last legs, on one's death bed
at the point of death, at death's door, at the last gasp
near one's end, given over, booked
with one foot in the grave, tottering on the brink of the grave. stillborn
mortuary
deadly etc. (killing) [Destruction of life; violent death.] Killing
Phrases
life ebbs, life fails, life hangs by a thread
one's days are numbered, one's hour is come, one's race is run, one's doom is sealed
Death knocks at the door, Death stares one in the face
the breath is out of the body
the grave closes over one
in adamantine chains shall death be bound" [Pope]
Spake the grisly Terror" [Paradise Lost]
the lone couch of this everlasting sleep" [Shelley]
nothing is certain but death and taxes.
Nouns
killing etc. v.
homicide, manslaughter, murder, assassination, trucidation, iccusion
effusion of blood
blood, blood shed
gore, slaughter, carnage, butchery
battue. massacre
fusillade, noyade
thuggery, Thuggism. deathblow, finishing stroke, coup de grace, quietus
execution etc. (capital punishment) Punishment
judicial murder
martyrdom. butcher, slayer, murderer, Cain, assassin, terrorist, cutthroat, garroter, bravo, Thug, Moloch, matador, sabreur
guet-a-pens
gallows, executioner etc. (punishment) [Instrument of punishment.] Scourge
man-eater, apache, hatchet man [U.S.] , highbinder [U.S.] . regicide, parricide, matricide, fratricide, infanticide, feticide, foeticide, uxoricide, vaticide. suicide, felo de se, hara-kiri, suttee, Juggernath
immolation, auto da fe, holocaust. suffocation, strangulation, garrote
hanging etc. v.
lapidation. deadly weapon etc. (arms) Arms
Aceldama. [Destruction of animals] slaughtering
phthisozoics
sport, sporting
the chase, venery
hunting, coursing, shooting, fishing
pig-sticking
sportsman, huntsman, fisherman
hunter, Nimrod
slaughterhouse, meat packing plant, shambles, abattoir. fatal accident, violent death, casualty.
Verbs
kill, put to death, slay, shed blood
murder, assassinate, butcher, slaughter, victimize, immolate
massacre
take away life, deprive of life
make away with, put an end to
despatch, dispatch
burke, settle, do for. strangle, garrote, hang, throttle, choke, stifle, suffocate, stop the breath, smother, asphyxiate, drown. saber
cut down, cut to pieces, cut the throat
jugulate
stab, run through the body, bayonet, eviscerate
put to the sword, put to the edge of the sword. shoot dead
blow one's brains out
brain, knock on the head
stone, lapidate
give a deathblow
deal a deathblow
give a quietus, give a coupe de grace. behead, bowstring, electrocute, gas etc. (execute) Punishment . hunt, shoot etc. n.. cut off, nip in the bud, launch into eternity, send to one's last account, sign one's death warrant, strike the death knell of. give no quarter, pour out blood like water
decimate
run amuck
wade knee deep in blood, imbrue one's hands in blood. die a violent death, welter in one's blood
dash out one's brains, blow out one's brains
commit suicide
kill oneself, make away with oneself, put an end to oneself, put an end to it all.
Adjectives
killing etc. v.
murderous, slaughterous
sanguinary, sanguinolent
blood stained, blood thirsty
homicidal, red handed
bloody, bloody minded
ensanguined, gory
thuggish. mortal, fatal, lethal
dead, deadly
mortiferous, lethiferous
unhealthy etc. Insalubrity
internecine
suicidal. sporting
piscatorial, piscatory.
Phrases
assassination has never changed the history of the assassination has never changed the history of the world" [Disraeli] .
Nouns
corpse, corse, carcass, cadaver, bones, skeleton, dry bones
defunct, relics, remains, mortal remains, dust, ashes, earth, clay
mummy
carrion
food for worms, food for fishes
tenement of clay this mortal coil. shade, ghost, manes. organic remains, fossils.
Adjectives
cadaverous, corpse-like
unburied etc. Interment
sapromyiophyllous.
Nouns
interment, burial, sepulture
inhumation
obsequies, exequies
funeral, wake, pyre, funeral pile
cremation. funeral, funeral rite, funeral solemnity
kneel, passing bell, tolling
dirge etc. (lamentation) [Expression of pain.] Lamentation
cypress
orbit, dead march, muffled drum
mortuary, undertaker, mute
elegy
funeral, funeral oration, funeral sermon
epitaph. graveclothes, shroud, winding sheet, cerecloth
cerement. coffin, shell, sarcophagus, urn, pall, bier, hearse, catafalque, cinerary urn. grave, pit, sepulcher, tomb, vault, crypt, catacomb, mausoleum, Golgotha, house of death, narrow house
cemetery, necropolis
burial place, burial ground
grave yard, church yard
God's acre
tope, cromlech, barrow, tumulus, cairn
ossuary
bone house, charnel house, dead house
morgue
lich gate
burning ghat
crematorium, crematory
dokhma, mastaba, potter's field, stupa, Tower of Silence. sexton, gravedigger. monument, cenotaph, shrine
grave stone, head stone, tomb stone
hatchment, stone
obelisk, pyramid. exhumation, disinterment
necropsy, autopsy
zoothapsis.
Verbs
inter, bury
lay in the grave, consign to the grave, lay in the tomb, entomb, in tomb
inhume
lay out, perform a funeral, embalm, mummify
toll the knell
put to bed with a shovel
inurn. exhume, disinter, unearth.
Adjectives
burried etc. v.
burial, funereal, funebrial
mortuary, sepulchral, cinerary
elegiac
necroscopic.
Adverbs
in memoriam
post obit
beneath the sod.
Phrases
RIP
the lone couch of his everlasting sleep" [Shelley]
without a grave-unknell'd, uncoffin'd, and without a grave-unknell'd, uncoffin'd, and unknown" [Byron]
in the dark union of insensate dust" [Byron]
the deep cold shadow of the tomb" [Moore] .
Nouns
animal life
animation, animality, animalization
animalness, corporeal nature, human system
breath. flesh, flesh and blood
physique
strength etc. [Degree of power.] Strength
Adjectives
fleshly, human, corporeal.
Nouns
vegetable life
vegetation, vegetability
vegetality.
Verbs
vegetate, grow roots, put down roots.
Adjectives
rank, lush
vegetable, vegetal, vegetive.
Nouns
animal, animal kingdom
fauna
brute creation. beast, brute, creature, critter [U.S.]
wight, created being
creeping thing, living thing
dumb animal, dumb creature
zoophyte. [major divisions of animals] mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian, fish, crustacean, shellfish, mollusk, worm, insect, arthropod, microbe. [microscopic animals] microbe, animalcule etc. Littleness . [reptiles] alligator, crocodile
saurian
dinosaur (extinct)
snake, serpent, viper, eft
asp, aspick. [amphibians] frog, toad. [fishes] trout, bass, tuna, muskelunge, sailfish, sardine, mackerel. [insects] ant, mosquito, bee, honeybee. [arthropods] tardigrade, spider. [classification by number of feet] biped, quadruped
[web-footed animal] webfoot. flocks and herds, live stock
domestic animals, wild animals
game
beasts of the field, fowls of the air, denizens of the sea
black game, black grouse
blackcock, duck, grouse, plover, rail, snipe. [domesticated mammals] horse etc. (beast of burden) Carrier
cattle, kine, ox
bull, bullock
cow, milch cow, calf, heifer, shorthorn
sheep
lamb, lambkin
ewe, ram, tup
pig, swine, boar, hog, sow
steer, stot
tag, teg
bison, buffalo, yak, zebu, dog, cat. [dogs] dog, hound
pup, puppy
whelp, cur, mongrel
house dog, watch dog, sheep dog, shepherd's dog, sporting dog, fancy dog, lap dog, toy dog, bull dog, badger dog
mastiff
blood hound, grey hound, stag hound, deer hound, fox hound, otter hound
harrier, beagle, spaniel, pointer, setter, retriever
Newfoundland
water dog, water spaniel
pug, poodle
turnspit
terrier
fox terrier, Skye terrier
Dandie Dinmont
collie. [cats--generally] feline, puss, pussy
grimalkin
gib cat, tom cat. [wild mammals] fox, Reynard, vixen, stag, deer, hart, buck, doe, roe
caribou, coyote, elk, moose, musk ox, sambar. [birds] bird
poultry, fowl, cock, hen, chicken, chanticleer, partlet, rooster, dunghill cock, barn door fowl
feathered tribes, feathered songster
singing bird, dicky bird
canary, warbler
finch
aberdevine, cushat, cygnet, ringdove, siskin, swan, wood pigeon. [undesirable animals] vermin, varmint [U.S.] , pest.
Adjectives
animal, zoological equine, bovine, vaccine, canine, feline, fishy
piscatory, piscatorial
molluscous, vermicular
gallinaceous, rasorial, solidungulate, soliped.
Nouns
vegetable, vegetable kingdom
flora, verdure. plant
tree, shrub, bush
creeper
herb, herbage
grass. annual
perennial, biennial, triennial
exotic. timber, forest
wood, woodlands
timberland
hurst, frith, holt, weald, park, chase, greenwood, brake, grove, copse, coppice, bocage, tope, clump of trees, thicket, spinet, spinney
underwood, brushwood
scrub
boscage, bosk, chaparal, motte [U.S.]
arboretum etc. [The economy or management of plants.] Agriculture
heath, heather
fern, bracken
furze, gorse, whin
grass, turf
pasture, pasturage
turbary
sedge, rush, weed
fungus, mushroom, toadstool
lichen, moss, conferva, mold
growth
alfalfa, alfilaria, banyan
blow, blowth
floret, petiole
pin grass, timothy, yam, yew, zinnia. foliage, branch, bough, ramage, stem, tigella
spray etc. Part
leaf. flower, blossom, bine
flowering plant
timber tree, fruit tree
pulse, legume.
Adjectives
vegetable, vegetal, vegetive, vegitous
herbaceous, herbal
botanic
sylvan, silvan
arborary, arboreous, arborescent, arborical
woody, grassy
verdant, verdurous
floral, mossy
lignous, ligneous
wooden, leguminous
vosky, cespitose, turf-like, turfy
endogenous, exogenous.
Phrases
green-robed senators of mighty woods" [Keats]
this is the forest primeval" [Longfellow] .
Nouns
zoology, zoonomy, zoography, zootomy
anatomy
comparative anatomy
animal physiology, comparative physiology
morphology
mammalogy. anthropology, ornithology, ichthyology, herpetology, ophiology, malacology, helminthology [Med.] , entomology, oryctology, paleontology, mastology, vermeology
ornithotomy, ichthyotomy, c.
taxidermy. zoologist etc.
Nouns
botany
physiological botany, structural botany, systematic botany
phytography, phytology, phytotomy
vegetable physiology, herborization, dendrology, mycology, fungology, algology
flora, romona
botanic garden etc. (garden) [The economy or management of plants.] Agriculture
herbarium, herbal. botanist etc.
herbist, herbarist, herbalist, herborist, herbarian.
Adjectives
botanical etc. n.
botanic.
Nouns
husbandry, taming etc. v.
circuration, zoohygiantics
domestication, domesticity
veterinary art
farriery
breeding, pisciculture. menagerie, vivarium, zoological garden
bear pit
aviary, apiary, alveary, beehive
hive
aquarium, fishery
duck pond, fish pond. phthisozoics etc. (killing) [Destruction of life; violent death.] Killing[Destruction of animals]
euthanasia, sacrifice, humane destruction. neatherd, cowherd, shepherd
grazier, drover, cowkeeper
trainer, breeder
apiarian, apiarist
bull whacker [U.S.] , cowboy, cow puncher [U.S.] , farrier
horse leech, horse doctor
vaquero, veterinarian, vet, veterinary surgeon. cage etc. (prison) [Means of restraint.] Prison
hencoop, bird cage, cauf
range, sheepfold, c. (inclosure) Inclosure .
Verbs
tame, domesticate, acclimatize, breed, tend, break in, train
cage, bridle, c. (restrain) Restraint .
Adjectives
pastoral, bucolic
tame, domestic.
Nouns
agriculture, cultivation, husbandry, farming
georgics, geoponics
tillage, agronomy, gardening, spade husbandry, vintage
horticulture, arboriculture, floriculture
landscape gardening
viticulture. husbandman, horticulturist, gardener, florist
agricultor, agriculturist
yeoman, farmer, cultivator, tiller of the soil, woodcutter, backwoodsman
granger, habitat, vigneron, viticulturist
Triptolemus. field, meadow, garden
botanic garden, winter garden, ornamental garden, flower garden, kitchen garden, market garden, hop garden
nursery
green house, hot house
conservatory, bed, border, seed plot
grassplot, grassplat, lawn
park etc. (pleasure ground) Amusement
parterre, shrubbery, plantation, avenue, arboretum, pinery, pinetum, orchard
vineyard, vinery
orangery
farm etc. (abode) [Place of habitation, or resort.] Abode
Verbs
cultivate
till the soil
farm, garden
sow, plant
reap, mow, cut
manure, dress the ground, dig, delve, dibble, hoe, plough, plow, harrow, rake, weed, lop and top
backset [U.S.] .
Adjectives
agricultural, agrarian, agrestic. arable, predial, rural, rustic, country
horticultural.
Nouns
man, mankind
human race, human species, human kind, human nature
humanity, mortality, flesh, generation. [Science of man] anthropology, anthropogeny, anthropography, anthroposophy
ethnology, ethnography
humanitarian. human being
person, personage
individual, creature, fellow creature, mortal, body, somebody
one
such a one, some one
soul, living soul
earthling
party, head, hand
persons, folk, public, society, world
community, community at large
general public
nation, nationality
state, realm
commonweal, commonwealth
republic, body politic
million etc. (commonalty) Commonalty
population etc. (inhabitant) Inhabitant . tribe, clan (paternity) Paternity
family (consanguinity) [Relations of kindred.] Consanguinity
lords of the creation
ourselves.
Adjectives
human, mortal, personal, individual, national, civic, public, social
cosmopolitan
anthropoid.
Phrases
am I not a man and a brother? [Wedgwood] .
Nouns
man, male, he, him
manhood etc. (adolescence) Adolescence
gentleman, sir, master
sahib
yeoman, wight, swain, fellow, blade, beau, elf, chap, gaffer, good man
husband etc. (married man) Marriage
Mr., mister
boy etc. (youth) Infant . [Male animal] cock, drake, gander, dog, boar, stag, hart, buck, horse, entire horse, stallion
gibcat, tomcat
he goat, Billy goat
ram, tup
bull, bullock
capon, ox, gelding, steer, stot. androgen. homosexual, gay, queen [Slang] .
Adjectives
male, he-, masculine
manly, virile
unwomanly, unfeminine. Pron. he, him, his.
Nouns
woman, she, her, female, petticoat. feminality, muliebrity
womanhood etc. (adolescence) Adolescence . womankind
the sex, the fair
fair sex, softer sex
weaker vessel. dame, madam, madame, mistress, Mrs. lady, matron, dowager, goody, gammer
frow, Vrouw [Du.] , rani
good woman, good wife
squaw
wife etc. (marriage) Marriage
matronage, matronhood. bachelor girl, new woman, feminist, suffragette, suffragist. nymph, wench, grisette
girl etc. (youth) Infant . [Effeminacy] sissy, betty, cot betty [U.S.] , cotquean, henhussy, mollycoddle, muff, old woman. [Female animal] hen, bitch, sow, doe, roe, mare
she goat, Nanny goat, tabita
ewe, cow
lioness, tigress
vixen. gynecaeum. estrogen, oestrogen. consanguinity etc. Paternity [Female relatives] , paternity etc. [Relations of kindred.] Consanguinity[Slang] .
Adjectives
female, she-
feminine, womanly, ladylike, matronly, maidenly, wifely
womanish, effeminate, unmanly
gynecic, gynaecic. Pron. she, her, hers.'
Phrases
a perfect woman nobly planned" [Wordsworth]
a lovely lady garmented in white" [Shelley]
earth's noblest thing, a woman perfected" [Lowell]
she moves a goddess and she looks a queen" [Pope]
the beauty of a lovely woman is like music" [G. Eliot]
Nouns
sex, sexuality, gender
male, masculinity, maleness etc. Man
female, femininity etc. Woman . sexual intercourse, copulation, mating, coitus, sex
lovemaking, marital relations, sexual union
sleeping together, carnal knowledge. sex instinct, sex drive, libido, lust, concupiscence
hots, horns [Coll.]
arousal, heat, rut, estrus, oestrus
tumescence
erection, hard-on, boner. masturbation, self-gratification, autoeroticism, onanism, self-abuse. orgasm, climax, ejaculation. sexiness, attractiveness
sensuality, voluptuousness. [sexual intercourse outside of marriage] fornication, adultery. [person who is sexy] sex symbol, sex goddess
stud, hunk. one-night stand. pornography, porn, porno
hardcore pornography, softcore pornography
pin-up, cheesecake
beefcake
[magazines with sexual photos] , Playboy, Esquire, Hustler. [unorthodox sexual activity] perversion, deviation, sexual abnormality
fetish, fetishism
homosexuality, lesbianism, bisexuality
sodomy, buggery
pederasty
sadism. masochism, sado-masochism
incest.
Verbs
mate, copulate
make love, have intercourse, fornicate, have sex, do it, sleep together, fuck [Vulg.]
sleep around, play the field. masturbate, jerk off [Coll.] , jack off [Coll.] , play with oneself. have the hots [Coll.]
become aroused, get hot
have an erection, get it up. come, climax, ejaculate.
Adjectives
sexy, erotic, sexual, carnal, sensual. hot, horny, randy, rutting
passionate, lusty, hot-blooded, libidinous
up, in the mood. homosexual, gay, lesbian, bisexual.